[1] : The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48

gauge \gauge\, n. written also gage.
   1. a measure; a standard of measure; an instrument to
      determine dimensions, distance, or capacity; a standard.
      1913 webster

            this plate must be a gauge to file your worm and
            groove to equal breadth by.           --moxon.
      1913 webster

            there is not in our hands any fixed gauge of minds.
                                                  --i. taylor.
      1913 webster

   2. measure; dimensions; estimate.
      1913 webster

            the gauge and dimensions of misery, depression, and
            contempt.                             --burke.
      1913 webster

   3. mach.  manuf. any instrument for ascertaining or
      regulating the dimensions or forms of things; a templet or
      template; as, a button maker's gauge.
      1913 webster

   4. physics any instrument or apparatus for measuring the
      state of a phenomenon, or for ascertaining its numerical
      elements at any moment; -- usually applied to some
      particular instrument; as, a rain gauge; a steam gauge.
      1913 webster

   5. naut.
      a relative positions of two or more vessels with
          reference to the wind; as, a vessel has the weather
          gauge of another when on the windward side of it, and
          the lee gauge when on the lee side of it.
      b the depth to which a vessel sinks in the water.
          --totten.
          1913 webster

   6. the distance between the rails of a railway.
      1913 webster

   note: the standard gauge of railroads in most countries is
         four feet, eight and one half inches. wide, or broad,
         gauge, in the united states, is six feet; in england,
         seven feet, and generally any gauge exceeding standard
         gauge. any gauge less than standard gauge is now called
         narrow gauge. it varies from two feet to three feet six
         inches.
         1913 webster

   7. plastering the quantity of plaster of paris used with
      common plaster to accelerate its setting.
      1913 webster

   8. building that part of a shingle, slate, or tile, which
      is exposed to the weather, when laid; also, one course of
      such shingles, slates, or tiles.
      1913 webster

   gauge of a carriage, car, etc., the distance between the
      wheels; -- ordinarily called the track.

   gauge cock, a stop cock used as a try cock for ascertaining
      the height of the water level in a steam boiler.

   gauge concussion railroads, the jar caused by a car-wheel
      flange striking the edge of the rail.

   gauge glass, a glass tube for a water gauge.

   gauge lathe, an automatic lathe for turning a round object
      having an irregular profile, as a baluster or chair round,
      to a templet or gauge.

   gauge point, the diameter of a cylinder whose altitude is
      one inch, and contents equal to that of a unit of a given
      measure; -- a term used in gauging casks, etc.

   gauge rod, a graduated rod, for measuring the capacity of
      barrels, casks, etc.

   gauge saw, a handsaw, with a gauge to regulate the depth of
      cut. --knight.

   gauge stuff, a stiff and compact plaster, used in making
      cornices, moldings, etc., by means of a templet.

   gauge wheel, a wheel at the forward end of a plow beam, to
      determine the depth of the furrow.

   joiner's gauge, an instrument used to strike a line
      parallel to the straight side of a board, etc.

   printer's gauge, an instrument to regulate the length of
      the page.

   rain gauge, an instrument for measuring the quantity of
      rain at any given place.

   salt gauge, or brine gauge, an instrument or contrivance
      for indicating the degree of saltness of water from its
      specific gravity, as in the boilers of ocean steamers.

   sea gauge, an instrument for finding the depth of the sea.
      

   siphon gauge, a glass siphon tube, partly filled with
      mercury, -- used to indicate pressure, as of steam, or the
      degree of rarefaction produced in the receiver of an air
      pump or other vacuum; a manometer.

   sliding gauge. mach.
      a a templet or pattern for gauging the commonly accepted
          dimensions or shape of certain parts in general use,
          as screws, railway-car axles, etc.
      b a gauge used only for testing other similar gauges,
          and preserved as a reference, to detect wear of the
          working gauges.
      c railroads see note under gauge, n., 5.

   star gauge ordnance, an instrument for measuring the
      diameter of the bore of a cannon at any point of its
      length.

   steam gauge, an instrument for measuring the pressure of
      steam, as in a boiler.

   tide gauge, an instrument for determining the height of the
      tides.

   vacuum gauge, a species of barometer for determining the
      relative elasticities of the vapor in the condenser of a
      steam engine and the air.

   water gauge.
      a a contrivance for indicating the height of a water
          surface, as in a steam boiler; as by a gauge cock or
          glass.
      b the height of the water in the boiler.

   wind gauge, an instrument for measuring the force of the
      wind on any given surface; an anemometer.

   wire gauge, a gauge for determining the diameter of wire or
      the thickness of sheet metal; also, a standard of size.
      see under wire.
      1913 webster
see also:
gauge of a carriage car track gauge cock gauge concussion gauge glass 
gauge lathe gauge point gauge rod gauge saw gauge stuff 
gauge wheel joiner's gauge printer's gauge rain gauge salt gauge 
brine gauge sea gauge siphon gauge sliding gauge gauge 
star gauge steam gauge tide gauge vacuum gauge water gauge 
wind gauge wire gauge wire 

[2] : The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48

brine \brine\, n. as. bryne a burning, salt liquor, brine, fr.
   brinnan, brynnan, to burn. see burn.
   1. water saturated or strongly impregnated with salt; pickle;
      hence, any strong saline solution; also, the saline
      residue or strong mother liquor resulting from the
      evaporation of natural or artificial waters.
      1913 webster

   2. the ocean; the water of an ocean, sea, or salt lake.
      1913 webster

            not long beneath the whelming brine . . . he lay.
                                                  --cowper.
      1913 webster

   3. tears; -- so called from their saltness.
      1913 webster

            what a deal of brine
            hath washed thy sallow cheecks for
            rosaline                             --shak.
      1913 webster

   brine fly zool., a fly of the genus ephydra, the
      larvae of which live in artificial brines and in salt
      lakes.

   brine gauge, an instrument for measuring the saltness of a
      liquid.

   brine pan, a pit or pan of salt water, where salt is formed
      by cristallization.

   brine pit, a salt spring or well, from which water is taken
      to be boiled or evaporated for making salt.

   brine pump marine engin., a pump for changing the water
      in the boilers, so as to clear them of the brine which
      collects at the bottom.

   brine shrimp, brine worm zool., a phyllopod crustacean
      of the genus artemia, inhabiting the strong brines of
      salt works and natural salt lakes. see artemia.

   brine spring, a spring of salt water.

   leach brine saltmaking, brine which drops from granulated
      salt in drying, and is preserved to be boiled again.
      1913 webster
see also:
burn brine fly ephydra brine gauge brine pan brine pit 
brine pump brine shrimp brine worm artemia brine spring 
leach brine 

Brine >> B Words
Brine, definition of term: Brine
brine_pag1.html

Gauge >> G Words
Gauge, definition of term: Gauge
gauge_pag1.html

Brine Shrimp >> B Words
Brine Shrimp, definition of term: Brine Shrimp
brine+shrimp_pag1.html

Gauge Boson >> G Words
Gauge Boson, definition of term: Gauge Boson
gauge+boson_pag1.html

Weather Gauge >> W Words
Weather Gauge, definition of term: Weather Gauge
weather+gauge_pag1.html

Rain Gauge >> R Words
Rain Gauge, definition of term: Rain Gauge
rain+gauge_pag1.html