[1] : The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48

natural \nat"ural\ ?; 135, a. oe. naturel, f. naturel, fr.
   l. naturalis, fr. natura. see nature.
   1. fixed or determined by nature; pertaining to the
      constitution of a thing; belonging to native character;
      according to nature; essential; characteristic; innate;
      not artificial, foreign, assumed, put on, or acquired; as,
      the natural growth of animals or plants; the natural
      motion of a gravitating body; natural strength or
      disposition; the natural heat of the body; natural color.
      1913 webster

            with strong natural sense, and rare force of will.
                                                  --macaulay.
      1913 webster

   2. conformed to the order, laws, or actual facts, of nature;
      consonant to the methods of nature; according to the
      stated course of things, or in accordance with the laws
      which govern events, feelings, etc.; not exceptional or
      violent; legitimate; normal; regular; as, the natural
      consequence of crime; a natural death; anger is a natural
      response to insult.
      1913 webster

            what can be more natural than the circumstances in
            the behavior of those women who had lost their
            husbands on this fatal day?           --addison.
      1913 webster

   3. having to do with existing system to things; dealing with,
      or derived from, the creation, or the world of matter and
      mind, as known by man; within the scope of human reason or
      experience; not supernatural; as, a natural law; natural
      science; history, theology.
      1913 webster

            i call that natural religion which men might know .
            . . by the mere principles of reason, improved by
            consideration and experience, without the help of
            revelation.                           --bp. wilkins.
      1913 webster

   4. conformed to truth or reality; as:
      a springing from true sentiment; not artificial or
          exaggerated; -- said of action, delivery, etc.; as, a
          natural gesture, tone, etc.
      b resembling the object imitated; true to nature;
          according to the life; -- said of anything copied or
          imitated; as, a portrait is natural.
          1913 webster

   5. having the character or sentiments properly belonging to
      one's position; not unnatural in feelings.
      1913 webster

            to leave his wife, to leave his babes, . . .
            he wants the natural touch.           --shak.
      1913 webster

   6. connected by the ties of consanguinity. especially,
      related by birth rather than by adoption; as, one's
      natural mother. "natural friends." --j. h. newman.
      1913 webster +pjc

   7. hence: begotten without the sanction of law; born out of
      wedlock; illegitimate; bastard; as, a natural child.
      1913 webster

   8. of or pertaining to the lower or animal nature, as
      contrasted with the higher or moral powers, or that which
      is spiritual; being in a state of nature; unregenerate.
      1913 webster

            the natural man receiveth not the things of the
            spirit of god.                        --1 cor. ii.
                                                  14.
      1913 webster

   9. math. belonging to, to be taken in, or referred to, some
      system, in which the base is 1; -- said of certain
      functions or numbers; as, natural numbers, those
      commencing at 1; natural sines, cosines, etc., those taken
      in arcs whose radii are 1.
      1913 webster

   10. mus.
       a produced by natural organs, as those of the human
           throat, in distinction from instrumental music.
       b of or pertaining to a key which has neither a flat
           nor a sharp for its signature, as the key of c major.
       c applied to an air or modulation of harmony which
           moves by easy and smooth transitions, digressing but
           little from the original key.
       d neither flat nor sharp; -- of a tone.
       e changed to the pitch which is neither flat nor sharp,
           by appending the sign natural; as, a natural.
           --moore encyc. of music.
           1913 webster +pjc

   11. existing in nature or created by the forces of nature, in
       contrast to production by man; not made, manufactured, or
       processed by humans; as, a natural ruby; a natural
       bridge; natural fibers; a deposit of natural calcium
       sulfate. opposed to artificial, man-made,
       manufactured, processed and synthetic. wordnet
       sense 2
       pjc

   12. hence: not processed or refined; in the same statre as
       that existing in nature; as, natural wood; natural foods.
       pjc

   natural day, the space of twenty-four hours. --chaucer.
      1913 webster

   natural fats, natural gas, etc. see under fat, gas.
      etc.

   natural harmony mus., the harmony of the triad or common
      chord.

   natural history, in its broadest sense, a history or
      description of nature as a whole, including the sciences
      of botany, zoology, geology, mineralogy,
      paleontology, chemistry, and physics. in recent
      usage the term is often restricted to the sciences of
      botany and zoology collectively, and sometimes to the
      science of zoology alone.

   natural law, that instinctive sense of justice and of right
      and wrong, which is native in mankind, as distinguished
      from specifically revealed divine law, and formulated
      human law.

   natural modulation mus., transition from one key to its
      relative keys.

   natural order. nat. hist. see under order.

   natural person. law see under person, n.

   natural philosophy, originally, the study of nature in
      general; the natural sciences; in modern usage, that
      branch of physical science, commonly called physics,
      which treats of the phenomena and laws of matter and
      considers those effects only which are unaccompanied by
      any change of a chemical nature; -- contrasted with
      mental philosophy and moral philosophy.

   natural scale mus., a scale which is written without
      flats or sharps.

   note: model would be a preferable term, as less likely to
         mislead, the so-called artificial scales scales
         represented by the use of flats and sharps being
         equally natural with the so-called natural scale.

   natural science, the study of objects and phenomena
      existing in nature, especially biology, chemistry, physics
      and their interdisciplinary related sciences; natural
      history, in its broadest sense; -- used especially in
      contradistinction to social science, mathematics,
      philosophy, mental science or moral science.

   natural selection biol., the operation of natural laws
      analogous, in their operation and results, to designed
      selection in breeding plants and animals, and resulting in
      the survival of the fittest; the elimination over time of
      species unable to compete in specific environments with
      other species more adapted to survival; -- the essential
      mechanism of evolution. the principle of natural selection
      is neutral with respect to the mechanism by which
      inheritable changes occur in organisms most commonly
      thought to be due to mutation of genes and reorganization
      of genomes, but proposes that those forms which have
      become so modified as to be better adapted to the existing
      environment have tended to survive and leave similarly
      adapted descendants, while those less perfectly adapted
      have tended to die out through lack of fitness for the
      environment, thus resulting in the survival of the
      fittest. see darwinism.

   natural system bot.  zool., a classification based upon
      real affinities, as shown in the structure of all parts of
      the organisms, and by their embryology.

            it should be borne in mind that the natural system
            of botany is natural only in the constitution of its
            genera, tribes, orders, etc., and in its grand
            divisions.                            --gray.
      

   natural theology, or natural religion, that part of
      theological science which treats of those evidences of the
      existence and attributes of the supreme being which are
      exhibited in nature; -- distinguished from revealed
      religion. see quotation under natural, a., 3.

   natural vowel, the vowel sound heard in urn, furl, sir,
      her, etc.; -- so called as being uttered in the easiest
      open position of the mouth organs. see neutral vowel,
      under neutral and guide to pronunciation, sect 17.
      1913 webster +pjc

   syn: see native.
        1913 webster
see also:
nature artificial man-made manufactured processed synthetic 
natural day natural fats natural gas fat gas 
natural harmony natural history botany zoology geology 
mineralogy paleontology chemistry physics natural law 
natural modulation natural order order natural person person 
natural philosophy mental philosophy moral philosophy natural scale natural science 
natural history social science mathematics philosophy mental science 
moral science natural selection darwinism natural system natural theology 
natural religion revealed religion natural natural vowel neutral vowel 
neutral native 

[2] : The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48

chemistry \chem"istry\ ke^m"i^stry^; 277, n. from
   chemist. see alchemy.
   1. that branch of science which treats of the composition of
      substances, and of the changes which they undergo in
      consequence of alterations in the constitution of the
      molecules, which depend upon variations of the number,
      kind, or mode of arrangement, of the constituent atoms.
      these atoms are not assumed to be indivisible, but merely
      the finest grade of subdivision hitherto attained.
      chemistry deals with the changes in the composition and
      constitution of molecules. see atom, molecule.
      1913 webster

   note: historically, chemistry is an outgrowth of alchemy or
         alchemistry, with which it was anciently identified.
         1913 webster

   2. an application of chemical theory and method to the
      consideration of some particular subject; as, the
      chemistry of iron; the chemistry of indigo.
      1913 webster

   3. a treatise on chemistry.
      1913 webster

   note: this word and its derivatives were formerly written
         with y, and sometimes with i, instead of e, in the
         first syllable, chymistry, chymist, chymical, etc., or
         chimistry, chimist, chimical, etc.; and the
         pronunciation was conformed to the orthography.
         1913 webster

   inorganic chemistry, that which treats of inorganic or
      mineral substances.

   organic chemistry, that which treats of the substances
      which form the structure of organized beings and their
      products, whether animal or vegetable; -- called also
      chemistry of the carbon compounds. there is no
      fundamental difference between organic and inorganic
      chemistry.

   physiological chemistry, the chemistry of the organs and
      tissues of the body, and of the various physiological
      processes incident to life.

   practical chemistry, or applied chemistry, that which
      treats of the modes of manufacturing the products of
      chemistry that are useful in the arts, of their
      applications to economical purposes, and of the conditions
      essential to their best use.

   pure chemistry, the consideration of the facts and theories
      of chemistry in their purely scientific relations, without
      necessary reference to their practical applications or
      mere utility.
      1913 webster
see also:
chemist alchemy atom molecule inorganic chemistry organic chemistry 
chemistry of the carbon compounds physiological chemistry practical chemistry applied chemistry pure chemistry 

[3] : WordNet (r) 2.0

chemistry
     n 1: the science of matter; the branch of the natural sciences
          dealing with the composition of substances and their
          properties and reactions syn: chemical science
     2: the way two individuals relate to each other; "their
        chemistry was wrong from the beginning -- they hated each
        other"; "a mysterious alchemy brought them together" syn:
         interpersonal chemistry, alchemy
see also:
chemical science interpersonal chemistry alchemy 

[4] : Moby Thesaurus II by Grady Ward, 1.0

39 moby thesaurus words for "chemistry":
   alchemy, applied chemistry, astrochemistry, biochemistry,
   biogeochemistry, chemicobiology, chemicoengineering, chemurgy,
   colloid chemistry, crystallochemistry, cytochemistry,
   electrochemistry, engineering chemistry, geochemistry,
   geological chemistry, hydrochemistry, iatrochemistry,
   immunochemistry, inorganic chemistry, lithochemistry,
   macrochemistry, mineralogical chemistry, nuclear chemistry,
   pathochemistry, petrochemistry, pharmacochemistry,
   physical chemistry, physicochemistry, phytochemistry,
   psychobiochemistry, radiochemistry, soil chemistry,
   theoretical chemistry, thermochemistry, topochemistry,
   ultramicrochemistry, zoochemistry, zymochemistry, zymurgy

[5] : Bouvier's Law Dictionary, Revised 6th Ed (1856)

chemistry med. jur. the science which teaches the nature and property of all 
bodies by their analysis and combination. in considering cases of poison, 
the lawyer will find a knowledge of chemistry, even very limited in degree, 
to be greatly useful. 2 chit. pr. 42, n. 

Chemistry >> C Words
Chemistry, definition of term: Chemistry
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