[1] : The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48

poison \poi"son\, n. f. poison, in old french also, a potion,
   fr. l. potio a drink, draught, potion, a poisonous draught,
   fr. potare to drink. see potable, and cf. potion.
   1. any agent which, when introduced into the animal organism,
      is capable of producing a morbid, noxious, or deadly
      effect upon it; as, morphine is a deadly poison; the
      poison of pestilential diseases.
      1913 webster

   2. that which taints or destroys moral purity or health; as,
      the poison of evil example; the poison of sin.
      1913 webster

   poison ash. bot.
      a a tree of the genus amyris amyris balsamifera
          found in the west indies, from the trunk of which a
          black liquor distills, supposed to have poisonous
          qualities.
      b the poison sumac rhus venenata. u. s.

   poison dogwood bot., poison sumac.

   poison fang zool., one of the superior maxillary teeth of
      some species of serpents, which, besides having the cavity
      for the pulp, is either perforated or grooved by a
      longitudinal canal, at the lower end of which the duct of
      the poison gland terminates. see illust. under fang.

   poison gland biol., a gland, in animals or plants, which
      secretes an acrid or venomous matter, that is conveyed
      along an organ capable of inflicting a wound.

   poison hemlock bot., a poisonous umbelliferous plant
      conium maculatum. see hemlock.

   poison ivy bot., a poisonous climbing plant formerly
      rhus toxicodendron, or rhus radicans, now classified
      as toxicodendron radicans of north america. it is
      common as a climbing vine, especially found on tree
      trunks, or walls, or as a low, spreading vine or as a
      shrub. as a low vine it grows well in lightly shaded
      areas, recognizable by growing in clusters of three
      leaves. its leaves are trifoliate, rhombic-ovate, and
      variously notched. its form varies slightly from location
      to location, leading to some speculation that it may
      consist of more than one species. many people are poisoned
      by it, though some appear resistant to its effects.
      touching the leaves may leave a residue of an oil on the
      skin, and if not washed off quickly, sensitive areas of
      skin become reddened and develop multiple small blisters,
      lasting for several days to several weeks, and causing a
      persistent itch. the toxic reaction is due to an oil,
      present in all parts of the plant except the pollen,
      called urushiol, the active component of which is the
      compound pentadecylacatechol according to a

      href="http:/www.jaxmed.com/articles/diseases/poison_ivy_dermatitis.htm">charles
      h. booras. see poison sumac. it is related to poison
      oak, and is also called mercury.

   poison nut. bot.
      a nux vomica.
      b the tree which yields this seed strychnos
          nuxvomica. it is found on the malabar and coromandel
          coasts.

   poison oak bot., a dermatitis-producing plant often
      lumped together with the poison ivy toxicodendron
      radicans in common terminology, but more properly
      distinguished as the more shrubby toxicodendron
      quercifolium syn. toxicodendron diversilobum, common
      in california and oregon. opinion varies as to whether the
      poison oak and poison ivy are only variants of a single
      species. see poison ivy, above.

   poison sac. zool. same as poison gland, above. see
      illust. under fang.

   poison sumac bot., a poisonous shrub formerly considered
      to be of the genus rhus rhus venenata, but now
      classified as toxicodendron vernix; -- also called
      poison ash, poison dogwood, and poison elder. it has
      pinnate leaves on graceful and slender common petioles,
      and usually grows in swampy places. both this plant and
      the poison ivy toxicodendron radicans, formerly rhus
      toxicodendron have clusters of smooth greenish white
      berries, while the red-fruited species of this genus are
      harmless. the tree rhus vernicifera which yields the
      celebrated japan lacquer is almost identical with the
      poison sumac, and is also very poisonous. the juice of the
      poison sumac also forms a lacquer similar to that of
      japan.
      1913 webster +pjc

   syn: venom; virus; bane; pest; malignity.

   usage: poison, venom. poison usually denotes something
          received into the system by the mouth, breath, etc.
          venom is something discharged from animals and
          received by means of a wound, as by the bite or sting
          of serpents, scorpions, etc. hence, venom specifically
          implies some malignity of nature or purpose.
          1913 webster
see also:
potable potion poison ash amyris amyris balsamifera rhus venenata 
poison dogwood poison fang fang poison gland poison hemlock 
conium maculatum hemlock poison ivy rhus toxicodendron rhus radicans 
toxicodendron radicans urushiol pentadecylacatechol poison sumac poison oak 
mercury poison nut strychnos nuxvomica poison oak toxicodendron radicans 
toxicodendron quercifolium toxicodendron diversilobum poison ivy poison sac rhus 
toxicodendron vernix poison ash poison dogwood poison elder rhus toxicodendron 
rhus vernicifera poison venom 

[2] : The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48

sumac \su"mac\, sumach \su"mach\, n. f. sumac, formerly sumach
   cf. sp. zumaque, fr. ar. summ=aq. written also
   shumac.
   1. bot. any plant of the genus rhus, shrubs or small
      trees with usually compound leaves and clusters of small
      flowers. some of the species are used in tanning, some in
      dyeing, and some in medicine. one, the japanese rhus
      vernicifera, yields the celebrated japan varnish, or
      lacquer.
      1913 webster

   2. the powdered leaves, peduncles, and young branches of
      certain species of the sumac plant, used in tanning and
      dyeing.
      1913 webster

   poison sumac. bot. see under poison.
      1913 webster
see also:
shumac rhus rhus vernicifera poison sumac poison 

[3] : The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48

varnish \var"nish\, n. oe. vernish, f. vernis, ll. vernicium;
   akin to f. vernir to varnish, fr. assumed ll. vitrinire to
   glaze, from ll. vitrinus glassy, fr. l. vitrum glass. see
   vitreous.
   1913 webster
   1. a viscid liquid, consisting of a solution of resinous
      matter in an oil or a volatile liquid, laid on work with a
      brush, or otherwise. when applied the varnish soon dries,
      either by evaporation or chemical action, and the resinous
      part forms thus a smooth, hard surface, with a beautiful
      gloss, capable of resisting, to a greater or less degree,
      the influences of air and moisture.
      1913 webster

   note: according to the sorts of solvents employed, the
         ordinary kinds of varnish are divided into three
         classes: spirit, turpentine, and oil varnishes.
         --encyc. brit
         1913 webster

   2. that which resembles varnish, either naturally or
      artificially; a glossy appearance.
      1913 webster

            the varnish of the holly and ivy.     --macaulay.
      1913 webster

   3. an artificial covering to give a fair appearance to any
      act or conduct; outside show; gloss.
      1913 webster

            and set a double varnish on the fame
            the frenchman gave you.               --shak.
      1913 webster

   varnish tree bot., a tree or shrub from the juice or
      resin of which varnish is made, as some species of the
      genus rhus, especially rhus vernicifera of japan. the
      black varnish of burmah is obtained from the
      melanorrhoea usitatissima, a tall east indian tree of
      the cashew family. see copal, and mastic.
      1913 webster
see also:
vitreous varnish tree rhus rhus vernicifera melanorrhoea usitatissima copal 
mastic 

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